What term refers to the amount of goods that producers are willing to sell at a given price during a specified time period?

The term that describes the amount of goods that producers are willing to sell at a given price during a specified time period is known as "supply." Supply is a fundamental economic principle that reflects producers' behavior in the market; it indicates how much of a good or service is available for sale at various price points.

Understanding supply is crucial in real estate appraisal because it helps evaluate how the availability of properties influences market prices. When supply increases, it can lead to lower prices if demand remains constant. Conversely, if supply decreases while demand remains steady or increases, prices may rise. This relationship between supply and price forms the basis for many real estate appraisal decisions and analyses.

The other options, while relevant to economics, do not specifically refer to this relationship between producers and the amount of goods they are willing to sell. Demand refers to consumer desire for a product, market value pertains to the estimated worth of a property in the marketplace, and capacity typically refers to the maximum amount an entity can produce or handle, rather than the willingness to sell at specific prices.